Typical effort: 85–93 % of maximum heart rate (Franchini 2013; Slimani 2018). Generate a complete .fit file for a session you could not record.
Kumi-kata means both athletes grip the gi constantly, and a wrist band is directly in the way. It scratches, it catches on sleeves, and competition rules prohibit hard objects on the body.
Randori and shiai reach 85–93 % of maximum heart rate. Judo shares the wrestling pattern: gripping is isometric, so heart rate rises faster than aerobic demand, while throws and ground transitions add short maximal bursts on top.
| Effort heart rate | 85–93 % of HRmax |
| Source | Franchini 2013; Slimani 2018 |
| Load pattern | See methodology table |
A 90-minute session usually runs 10 min ukemi and warm-up, 15 min nage-waza technique, 10 min uchi-komi and 4 randori rounds of about 4 minutes.
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